The UN Secretary General has voiced his concern that if a major conflict were to break out today ‘it would start with a massive, massive cyber attack, not only on military installations, but some civilian infrastructure’. The ICRC is particularly concerned about the vulnerability of hospitals to cyber attacks – a risk that is acute at all times but even more dangerous in times of conflict or pandemics, such as the current COVID-19 crisis. You don’t need to be a cybersecurity expert to see it: in today’s digitally dependent world, cyber attacks pose real threats for critical infrastructure and the functioning of societies. Cyber operations during armed conflict: 7 essential law and policy questions.Ultimately, the Law of Armed Conflict is sufficient to deal with the novel aspects of operations in the cyber domain. In conclusion, the analysis of cyberwar reinforces the theory that although means and methods may change, the underlying rules regulating military operations adapt well to the evolution of warfare. Lastly, the article examines the law that applies to cyber activity during armed conflicts. Next, the triggering effects of certain activities rising to the level of use of force or armed attack are considered considered. First, offensive cyber operations hereafter referred to as cyber operations are discussed generically as they pertain to military operations. The focus is offensive cyber operations and the efficacy of existing international law in governing the use of cyber capabilities. It does not address the full spectrum of cyber operations, namely, defensive cyber operations and cyber exploitation espionage activities. This article discusses the basics of how the Law of Armed Conflict LOAC affects cyber operations. Understanding what law applies within the cyber domain is critical for all operational planners, whether or not they are directly involved in cyber operations. Abstract: The term cyberwar is common in today s discussions of the national security challenges facing the United States and its allies.
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